degrees of freedom (data)

Page numbers are for draft copy at present; they will be replaced with correct numbers when final book is formatted. Chapter numbers are correct and will not change now.

In statistics and data degrees of freedom refers to the total number of independent parameters. Each time we add some form of contsrant this educes the degrees of freedom. For example if we have ten numbers but the sum and prodcut are constraind to be particular values, then there are eight degrees of freedom.

Defined on page 188

Used on Chap. 8: page 156; Chap. 9: page 188